Browsing by Author "Sokolović, Dejan"

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AN OVERVIEW OF THE CURRENT STATE OF GRASSLANDS IN THE PODRINJE REGION AS A SOURCE OF HEALTHY ANIMAL FEED
(University of East Sarajevo, Faculty of Agriculture, Republic of Srpska, Bosnia University of Belgrade, Faculty of Agriculture, Serbia Mediterranean Agronomic Institute of Bari (CIHEAM - IAMB) Italy, 2023-10-05) Petrović, Mirjana; Zornic, Vladimir; Radović, Jasmina; Racić, Nedeljko; Sokolović, Dejan; Jerinić, Svetlana; Lugić, Zoran
Grasslands are widespread terrestrial ecosystems with the primary agronomic importance of providing quality fodder for domestic animals. Recent studies have revealed that grasslands in Serbia have an unfavorable floristic composition and low yield, and that they are an insufficient and frequently improperly used resource. The goal of this study was to assess the condition of the grasslands in the Podrinje region using a sample of 49 farms' actively used grasslands. Each of the 49 grasslands was subjected to soil and biomass analyses. Soil laboratory analyses determined the pH value, mineral element content (N, P, K), and carbonate content, whereas biomass analyses determined crude protein content, fiber content (ADF and NDF), and fat content. According to Braun-Blanquet, phytocenological releve were taken on a portion of the grasslands. The results show that the majority of grasslands grow on soils with a low pH value (38), and that the 60% of biomass sampls had a low protein content (>8%), indicating a low nutritional value. Both the low amount of legumes in grasslands - 36 samples had less than 10% of legumes in biomass - and late mowing during the flowering and seed-ripening stages have been attributed for this condition. All farmers received instructions to take steps to improve the floristic composition of grasslands and, as a result, the quality of produced fodder, which will have a positive economic impact in the near future.
An overview of the flora of the special nature reserve "Osredak" a decade upon the completion of the conservation study
(Centre for Evaluation in Education and Science (CEON/CEES), 2022-01-25) Petrović, Mirjana; Prijović, Mladen; Živković-Antić, Ivana; Stojanović, Verica; Vymyslický, Tomaš; Stepić, Marija; Babić, Snežana; Sokolović, Dejan
Since 2020, the "Osredak" Special Nature Reserve has been a protected natural area of the Republic of Serbia, of regional, i.e. great importance. It is situated in central Serbia, along both banks of the West Morava. The area was designated as protected in order to conserve the bog habitats of the Morava River valley, as well as old bayous, ponds and lakes, which were created by decades of gravel extraction. The public-utility company "Kruševac" manages this area, and at its request, cooperation was established with the Istitute for fodder crops Kruševac in order to update the Reserve's flora inventory, with an emphasis on protected plant species, but also on invasive alien species. A list of all plant taxa that have been recorded in the Reserve so far (169 species) and specific solutions that might contribute to the conservation and improvement of natural values of the "Osredak" special nature reserve have also been included in this paper.
Analysis of the relationship of the most important traits in meadow fescue
(University of East Sarajevo, Faculty of Agriculture, Republic of Srpska, Bosnia, 2021-10-07) Babić, Snežana; Sokolović, Dejan; Andjelković, Snežana; Petrović, Mirjana; Zornic, Vladimir; Prijović, Mladen; Bekčić, Filip
Meadow fescue (Festuca pratensis Huds.) is one of the most important perennial grasses foranimal feed production on grasslands. It is characterized by high and stabile yield potential andgood biomass quality. The aim of this study was to determine genetic and phenotypic correlation coefficients of seven most important traits of two synthetic cultivars (Kruševački 21 and Pradel). Individual plants for hybridization, in order to obtain progeny by the method of Comstock and Robinson, were selected completely randomly. In order to examine the obtained progeny, the study was performed in an experimental field of the Institute for Forage Crops, in two replications. The experiment was set up according to the Nested Design I, with sets within the replications. In Kruševački 21, 60 full-sib progeny were studied in two sets, while in the Pradel a total of 39 full-sib progeny were studied. Within each full-sib progeny, 60 plants were analyzed. Statistically and high statistically relation was obtained between some traits and presented as genetic (rg) and phenotypic (rf) correlation coefficients. In cultivar K-21 very high statistically significant genetic correlation coefficients were determined between heading date and leaf length (rg=0.873**), plant height and number of generative tillers per plant (rg=0.893**) and dry matter yield in the first cut and annual dry matter yield (rg=0.988**). In cultivar Pradel very high statistically significant relationship was obtained between heading date and plant height (rg=0.978**), heading date and number of vegetative tillers per plant (rg=0.926**) and annual dry matter yield with one side, and plant height (rg=0.912**) and dry matter yield in the first cut (rg=0.978**), on the other side.
Botanical composition and biomass quality in natural grasslands of southeast part of Serbia
(University of East Sarajevo, Faculty of Agriculture, Republic of Srpska, Bosnia University of Belgrade, Faculty of Agriculture, Serbia Mediterranean Agronomic Institute of Bari (CIHEAM - IAMB) Italy, 2022-10-06) Zornic, Vladimir; Petrović, Mirjana; Babić, Snežana; Sokolović, Dejan; Prijović, Mladen; Tomić, Dalibor; Lazarević, Đorđe
EFFECT OF AZOTOBACTER SPP. ON INITIAL GROWTH OF GRASSES
(University of East Sarajevo, Faculty of Agriculture, Republic of Srpska, Bosnia University of Belgrade, Faculty of Agriculture, Serbia Mediterranean Agronomic Institute of Bari (CIHEAM - IAMB) Italy, 2023-10-05) Andjelković, Snežana; Sokolović, Dejan; Lugić, Zoran; Jevtić, Goran; Radović, Jasmina; Milenković, Jasmina; Babić, Snežana
The composition of the microbial community in rhizosphere can affect plant growth, nutrients uptake, and stress tolerance. In rhizosphere bacteria belonging to the genus Azotobacter there are free nitrogen-fixers promoting growth and health of plants. The aim of this research was to investigate the effect of different native isolates (SA74, SB94, MA7 and their combination) Azotobacter spp. on initial growth of plants tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Scherb) and meadow fescue (Festuca pratensis Huds). The experiment was carried out in semi-controlled conditions. For this study, seeds of tall fescue cultivar Kruševački 20 (K-20) and meadow fescue cultivar Kruševački 21 (K-21) were planted in pots filled with alluvial soil with slightly acidic reaction. The height, green mass per plant, root length and root weight per plant were determined. Four variants of microbial inoculation were compared with the growth of non-inoculated control. The significance of difference between examined treatments was determined by Fisher’s LSD test (p<0.05). At tall fescue, applied isolate SB94 in all investigated parameters had a negative effect. The two other isolates as well as combination of three isolates had a positive effect on initial growth of plants. Only in plant height, the application of a combination of isolates did not have positive result compared to the control. At meadow fescue, inoculation with combined isolates positively influenced plant height andgreen mass per plant. Root length was significantly increased only in treatment with isolate MA7. The influence of inoculation on root weight per plant was not noted.
Forage quality of different Festulolium cultivars
(University of East Sarajevo, Faculty of Agriculture, Republic of Srpska, Bosnia, 2022-10-06) Babić, Snežana; Sokolović, Dejan; Andjelković, Snežana; Petrović, Mirjana; Jevtić, Goran; Prijović, Mladen; Racić, Nedeljko
Hybrids created by crossing between genera Festuca and Lolium species are Festulolium.Crossing species of these genera aim to combine their positive characteristics, such as Festuca tolerance to abiotic stresses and edaphic and climatic conditions with the high quality and digestibility of Lolium perenne and Lolium multiflorum species. Forage quality of 15 different Lolioid Festulolium cultivars and six cultivars of Festuca and Lolium pure species were investigated in a moderate continental climate in Kruševac, Serbia. Plots in the trial (7,5 m2 ) were completely randomized, each in three replications. In the year of establishment, the plots were cut without weighing and taking samples. In the next two years, two cuts were taken. The first cut was done at the beginning of the heading (the first half of May) and the second in the first half of July. On dry samples, from two cuts, the content of crude protein, crude cellulose, crude fat, ash, ADF, NDF and ADL was determined by standard laboratory methods. Results were presented as two-year average values. The best dry matter quality of Festulolium cultivars was determined for cultivars AberNiche and Felopa. The highest crude protein content in the first cut was determined for AberNiche (187.1 gkg-1 ) and Felopa (169.6 gkg-1). Also, the same cultivars noted the lowest values for ADF (296.7 and 303.5 gkg-1 ) and for AberNiche was determined the lowest ADL contet (35.4 gkg-1 ) in the first cut. These cultivars are in the group of cultivars with the lowest NDF value. Based on the obtained results, it can be concluded that the analyzed Festulolium cultivars have a higher crude protein content compared to the cultivars of Festuca pure species, but lower than Lolium species.
Heritability and variability of the most important traits of meadow fescue synthetic cultivars
(Agricultural Research Ltd. Troubsko, Czech Republic, 2023-09-10) Babić, Snežana; Radović, Jasmina; Andjelković, Snežana; Petrović, Mirjana; Jevtić, Goran; Prijović, Mladen; Sokolović, Dejan
Meadow fescue (Festuca pratensis Huds.) is one of the most important perennial grasses for animal feed production on grasslands. It is characterized by high and stable yield potential and good biomass quality. The aim of this study was to determine the broad and narrow sense heritability and genetic (CVG%) and phenotypic (CVF%) coefficient of variation of the most important traits of two synthetic cultivars (Kruševački 21 and Pradel).
INSTITUT ZA KRMNO BILJE, KRUŠEVAC, 140 GODINA U SLUŽBI RAZVOJA POLJOPRIVREDE
(Centar za strna žita i razvoj sela Kragujevac, 2023-06-22) Lugić, Zoran; Sokolović, Dejan; Radović, Jasmina; Babić, Snežana; Milenković, Jasmina; Andjelković, Snežana
Institut za krmno bilje u Kruševcu je akreditovani istraživačko razvojni institut. Formiran je 1884. godine, kao Ugledno dobro i vrt, koje je imalo za cilj unapređenje ukupne poljoprivredne proizvodnje. Od 1959. godine, bavi se isključivo istraživanjem krmnog bilja. Glavna istraživanja u Institutu su proučavanje i očuvanje postojećih genetičkih resursa, unapređenje genetičkog potencijala krmnih biljaka, tehnologija proizvodnje i konzervisanja krmnog bilja na oranicama i travnjacima, a sve u cilju unapređenja stočarske proivodnje. Do sada je u Institutu stvoreno preko 40 novih sorti krmnih vrsta. U poslednjih deset godina odbranjeno je 8 doktorskih disertacija, objavljeno preko 250 naučnih radova i saopštenja, a istraživači Instituta su učestvovali, pored nacionalnih i u međunarodnim projektima (EUREKA, TEMPUS, HORISON), što ukazuje da institut ima značajno mesto u domaćoj i međunarodnoj naučnoj zajednici. U saradnji sa Ministarstvom poljoprivrede i lokalnim samoupravama, realizovani su projekti navelikom broju gazdinstava, čiji je cilj primena dobijenih rezultata istraživanja u praksu. Dugogodišnja tradicija, iskustvo i dosadašnji rezultati čine da je Institut ustanova koja je i dalje u službi razvoja poljoprivrede, kojoj poljoprivredni prozvođači veruju.
Isoflavones of the red and Hungarian clover and possible impact on animal diet
(Czech Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 2021-06-29) Petrović, Mirjana; Sokolović, Dejan ; Babić, Snežana; Vymyslický; Marković, Jordan; Zornic, Vladimir; Dajić-Stevanović
Isoflavones of the red and Hungarian clover and possible impact on animal diet
(Czech Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 2021-06-29) Petrović, Mirjana; Sokolović, Dejan; Babić, Snežana; Vymyslický, T.; Marković, Jordan; Zornic, Vladimir; Dajić-Stevanović, Zora
The content of daidzein, genistein, formononetin, and biochanin A isoflavones was studied in natural populations of red and Hungarian clover, to estimate their impact on fodder quality and to determine directions in possible breeding programs. The study included 6 red clover (Trifolium pratense) and 6 Hungarian clover (Trifolium pannonicum) populations, collected in the central Balkans. The differences between the species and among the populations were analysed. The average content of total isoflavones was 1.393 mg g-1 and 0.487 mg g-1 of air dry matter in Hungarian clover, respectively. While the most prevailed isoflavone in red clover was biochanin A (46%), the Hungarian clover populations were rich in genistein (43%). The red clover leaves accumulated the highest content of isoflavones. The Hungarian clover flowers and leaves had an equal amount of isoflavones. The obtained values of the total isoflavones could not affect the overall nutrient quality and therefore, researched natural populations of two clover species could be considered for further breeding programs.
Kruševačka 50 (K-50)
(2019) Lugić, Zoran; Petrović, Mirjana; Radović, Jasmina; Sokolović, Dejan; Babić, Snežana; Zornic, Vladimir
Morpho-biochemical response perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) populations to water shortage
(Palacký University Olomouc, 2023-09-10) Prijović, Mladen; Sokolović, Dejan; Babić, Snežana; Petrović, Mirjana; Stepić, Marija; Lazarević, Đorđe; Sabovljević, Aneta
Drought is one of the most significant effects of global climate change. It is expected to be more intense in some parts of southern Europe and the Balkan Peninsula in the next decade. Drought stress is the most important restriction factor for food and feed productivity. Perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) forms the basis of grassland production in temperate pastures and represents one of the most important forage grasses globally.
NPK FERTILIZER ADDITION EFFECT ON NARDUS STRICTA TYPE GRASSLAND IN KOPAONIK MOUNTINE
(Faculty of Agronomy in Čačak, University of Kragujevac,, 2023-03-17) Zornic, Vladimir; Petrović, Mirjana; Babić, Snežana; Lazarević, Đorđe; Djurovic, V; Sokolović, Dejan; Tomić, Dalibor
This study examines how the addition of NPK fertilizers impacts the change in Nardus stricta type grasslands. The investigation was carried out on the mountain Kopaonik between 2009 and 2012. The effects of four fertilizing treatments: control; N60 (N60P60K60); N90 (N90P60K60); N120 (N120P60K60) on plant species composition, Shannon evenness, and EGQ (evaluation grassland quality index) were researched. The control treatment was dominated by Nardus stricta species, while Festuca rubra and Agrostis capillaris presence was a feature of fertilizing treatments. The highest nitrogen intake (N120) had Shannon evenness that was very similar to that of the control. All fertilizing treatments resulted in increasing forage value.
OPLEMENJIVANJE VIŠEGODIŠNJIH TRAVA U SRBIJI
(Centar za strna žita i razvoj sela Kragujevac, 2023-06-22) Babić, Snežana; Sokolović, Dejan; Radović, Jasmina; Andjelković, Snežana; Petrović, Mirjana; Jevtić, Goran; Prijović, Mladen
Višegodišnje trave kao baza održivog stočarstva i industrije stočne hrane, predstavljaju osnovnu hranu preživara u oblastima umerenog klimata. Kao komponente prirodnih i sejanih travnjaka koriste se putem ispaše, kosidbe, senaže i silaže. Najvažnije vrste za stočnu hranu su: ježevica, engleski ljulj, livadski vijuk, visoki vijuk, mačji rep, italijanski ljulj, francuski ljulj, crveni vijuk i bezosni vlasen. Genotip, odnosno sorta u prinosu višegodišnjih trava učestvuje i više od 50%. Najbitniji preduslov uspešnog oplemenjivanja je visok stepen genetičke varijabilnosti u početnom oplemenjivačkom materijalu. Osnovne osobine na koje se vrši selekcija su prinos i kvalitet suve materije, vreme stasavanja, perzistentnost i tolerancija na sušu i prinos semena. Najčešće korišćena metoda oplemenjivanja je fenotipska rekurentna selekcija, modifikovana u cilju skraćenja ciklusa selekcije i redukcije nepoželjnih ukrštanja, praćena polikros metodom ukrštanja i formiranjem sintetičke sorte. Dugogodišnjim oplemenjivačkim radom u Institutu za krmno bilje Kruševac je stvorena 21 krmna i 1 parkovska sorta višegodišnjih trava.
Persistency and productivity of Festulolium cultivars in agroecological conditions of Serbia
(2022) Babić, Snežana; Sokolović, Dejan; Kopecky, D.; Ghesquière, M.; Andjelković, Snežana; Petrović, Mirjana; Prijović, Mladen
Festulolium are hybrids obtained by inter crossing of species from the genera Festuca and Lolium. Initially, idea was to combine Festuca tolerance to abiotic stresses and edaphic and climatic adaptability with Lolium high yield, digestibility and compatibility with intensive grasslands management. All Festulolium cultivars of the predominant contribution of Lolium genome (Lolioid type) are productive, with high quality and digestible forage, but their areal of cropping is limited according to Lolium drought susceptibility. Persistency and productivity of 15 different Lolioid Festulolium cultivars and 6 standard Festuca and Lolium species cultivars were investigated in a moderate continental climate in Kruševac, Serbia. Plots in the trial (7,5m2 ) were completely randomized, each in 3 replications. Summer persistency was analyzed by evaluation of ground cover reduction after summer periods in the second and third years. Concerning hybrid combination, best persistency (38.5% of coverage reduction in the third year) was determined for hybrid between Lolium multiflorum x Festuca arundinacea var. glaucescens even though there was only one cultivar of this type. The majority of cultivars were Lolium multiflorum x Festuca pratensis hybrids (8) and they showed residual coverage between 30 and 52%. At the end of the third year of the study, the highest dry matter yield was determined for hybrids Lolium multiflorum x Festuca gigantea and Lolium multiflorum x Festuca pratensis type. The general conclusion is that most cultivars suffered from severe stand density reduction after the first year of cutting and therefore had a lower dry matter yield compared to Festuca control cultivars, but showed significantly better persistency and higher values for dry matter yield in comparison with Lolium cultivars.
Productivity and Forage Quality of Cocksfoot (Dactilys glomerata L.) Collection
(Research Institute of Mountain Stockbreeding and Agriculture, Troyan, 2021) Babić, Snežana; Sokolović, Dejan; Andjelković, Snežana; Petrović, Mirjana; Marković, Jordan; Prijović, Mladen; Lazarević, Đorđe
Primary aim in cocksfoot forage breeding is obtaining cultivars with high yield and quality for livestock nutrition. In this study productivity and biomass quality of 19 cocksfoot accessions was investigated, 15 breeding populations originated from the local populations collected mainly in Eastern Serbia, which passed 2 cycles of selection and 4 cultivars. In the planting year plots were cut without weighing. In the next two years, two cuts were taken. The first cut was done at the beginning of heading (the first decade of May) and the second in the first decade of July. The highest dry matter yield in the first cut was determined for DG 6 (13.8 t ha-1) and DG 9 (13.8 t ha-1) accessions, while the most productive accessions in the second cut were DG 6 (4.9 t ha-1) and DG 3 (4.7 t ha-1). The highest dry matter yield in total was found in DG 6 (18.7 t ha-1) and DG 9 (18.4 t ha-1) accessions. Forage quality was determined in two cuts. The best dry matter quality was determined in DG 3, DG 5, DG 9 and DG 15 accessions. For these accessions the highest crude protein content was obtained in the first cut: DG 3 (130.4 g kg-1), DG 5 (130.8 g kg-1), DG 9 (130.7 g kg-1) and DG 15 (130.8 g kg-1) and also in the second cut. In the first cut the lowest ADF content was in DG 3 (332.1 g kg-1), DG 5 (327.5 g kg-1), DG 9 (331.9 g kg-1) and DG 15 (327.4 g kg-1). The lowest values for NDF content in the first cut were in the same accessions: DG 3 (573.5 g kg-1), DG 5 (575.6 g kg-1), DG 9 (576.5 g kg-1) and DG 15 (576.1 g kg-1). Also, the lowest values for ADF and NDF content in the second cut were scored for these accessions.
Quantitative Traits Breeding for Multifunctional Grasslands and Turf
(Springer Netherlands, 2014) Sokolović, Dejan; Huyghe, Christian; Radović, Jasmina; Sokolović; Huyghe; Radović
SEMENARSTVO VIŠEGODIŠNJIH TRAVA – TRENDOVI U OPLEMENJIVANJU
(Društvo genetičara Srbije, Beograd, 2023-10-16) Babić, Snežana; Sokolović, Dejan; Lugić, Zoran; Radović, Jasmina
Višegodišnje trave predstavljaju kompleksnu i raznovrsnu grupu monokotiledonih biljaka koje žive širom planete, u različitim agroekološkim uslovima. Njihov agronomski značaj je posebno izražen usled činjenice da mogu uspevati na većim nadmorskim visinama gde se druge kulture ne mogu uspešno gajiti. One čine osnovnu hranu preživara u oblastima umerenog klimata kao komponente prirodnih i sejanih travnjaka i mogu se koristiti putem ispaše ili kosidbe u obliku sena, senaže ili silaže. Oplemenjivanje višegodošnjih trava se u Srbiji obavlja od polovine 20. veka, a Institut za krmno bilje Kruševac je jedina naučna institucija ukojoj se vrši oplemenjivanje ove grupe biljaka u Srbiji.
The impact of seeding rate and inter-row spacing on Italian ryegrass for seed in the first harvest year
(The Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK-ULAKBIM) - DIGITAL COMMONS JOURNALS, 2009-01-01) Simić, Aleksandar; Vučković, Savo; Maletic, Radojka; Sokolović, Dejan; Djordevic, Nenad
UTICAJ AZOTOBACTER SPP. NA POČETNI RAST I RAZVOJ VIŠEGODIŠNJIH TRAVA
(Institut za povrtarstvo Smederevska Palanka, 2023-11-02) Andjelković, Snežana; Sokolović, Dejan; Jevtić, Goran; Prijović, Mladen; Bekčić, Filip; Milenković, Jasmina; Babić, Snežana
Primena korisnih mikroorganizama, kao što su bakterije iz roda Azotobacter, predstavlja ekološki prihvatljiv metod za unapređenje proizvodnje krmnih trava i biogenosti zemljišta. U radu su prikazani rezultati primene predsetvene mikrobijalne inokulacije. Ispitivan je uticaj četiri izolata Azotobacter spp. (ZA1, SA74, SB94, MA7) i njihove kombinacije na početni rast višegodišnjih trava: engleskog ljulja (Lolium perenne L.), francuskog ljulja (Arrhenatherum elatius L.), italijanskog ljulja (Lolium multiflorum L.) i ježevice (Dactylis glomerata L.). Eksperiment je izveden u polukontrolisanim uslovima. Visina, zelena masa po biljci, dužina i masa korena po biljci određene su četiri nedelje nakon setve. Rezultati istraživanja pokazali su da je primena mikrobne inokulacije imala pozitivan efekat na početni rast i razvoj ispitivanih vrsta trava.