Browsing by Author "Babić, Snežana"

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An overview of the flora of the special nature reserve "Osredak" a decade upon the completion of the conservation study
(Centre for Evaluation in Education and Science (CEON/CEES), 2022-01-25) Petrović, Mirjana; Prijović, Mladen; Živković-Antić, Ivana; Stojanović, Verica; Vymyslický, Tomaš; Stepić, Marija; Babić, Snežana; Sokolović, Dejan
Since 2020, the "Osredak" Special Nature Reserve has been a protected natural area of the Republic of Serbia, of regional, i.e. great importance. It is situated in central Serbia, along both banks of the West Morava. The area was designated as protected in order to conserve the bog habitats of the Morava River valley, as well as old bayous, ponds and lakes, which were created by decades of gravel extraction. The public-utility company "Kruševac" manages this area, and at its request, cooperation was established with the Istitute for fodder crops Kruševac in order to update the Reserve's flora inventory, with an emphasis on protected plant species, but also on invasive alien species. A list of all plant taxa that have been recorded in the Reserve so far (169 species) and specific solutions that might contribute to the conservation and improvement of natural values of the "Osredak" special nature reserve have also been included in this paper.
Analysis of the relationship of the most important traits in meadow fescue
(University of East Sarajevo, Faculty of Agriculture, Republic of Srpska, Bosnia, 2021-10-07) Babić, Snežana; Sokolović, Dejan; Andjelković, Snežana; Petrović, Mirjana; Zornic, Vladimir; Prijović, Mladen; Bekčić, Filip
Meadow fescue (Festuca pratensis Huds.) is one of the most important perennial grasses foranimal feed production on grasslands. It is characterized by high and stabile yield potential andgood biomass quality. The aim of this study was to determine genetic and phenotypic correlation coefficients of seven most important traits of two synthetic cultivars (Kruševački 21 and Pradel). Individual plants for hybridization, in order to obtain progeny by the method of Comstock and Robinson, were selected completely randomly. In order to examine the obtained progeny, the study was performed in an experimental field of the Institute for Forage Crops, in two replications. The experiment was set up according to the Nested Design I, with sets within the replications. In Kruševački 21, 60 full-sib progeny were studied in two sets, while in the Pradel a total of 39 full-sib progeny were studied. Within each full-sib progeny, 60 plants were analyzed. Statistically and high statistically relation was obtained between some traits and presented as genetic (rg) and phenotypic (rf) correlation coefficients. In cultivar K-21 very high statistically significant genetic correlation coefficients were determined between heading date and leaf length (rg=0.873**), plant height and number of generative tillers per plant (rg=0.893**) and dry matter yield in the first cut and annual dry matter yield (rg=0.988**). In cultivar Pradel very high statistically significant relationship was obtained between heading date and plant height (rg=0.978**), heading date and number of vegetative tillers per plant (rg=0.926**) and annual dry matter yield with one side, and plant height (rg=0.912**) and dry matter yield in the first cut (rg=0.978**), on the other side.
ANTIFUNGAL ACTIVITY OF RHIZOBIA AGAINST RED CLOVER PATHOGENS FROM GENUS FUSARIUM
(University of East Sarajevo, Faculty of Agriculture, Republic of Srpska, Bosnia University of Belgrade, Faculty of Agriculture, Serbia Mediterranean Agronomic Institute of Bari (CIHEAM - IAMB) Italy, 2023-10-05) Bekčić, Filip; Duduk, Natasa; Lugić, Zoran; Radović, Jasmina; Babić, Snežana; Stepić, Marija; Andjelković, Snežana
Red clover (Trifolium pratense L.) is an important forage legume that can be found in nature or as cultivated crop in monoculture or in grass-legume mixtures. The great importance of red clover is the fact that it lives in symbiosis with Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. trifoli. In addition to promoting plant growth, productivity and biomass, the bacteria also have an important role in disease control. Apart from useful microorganisms, many soil pathogenic microorganisms inhabit red clover roots and under favorable conditions they cause infections and diseases of the cultivated plants. On the infected red clover plants Fusarium spp. can cause several symptoms: vascular wilt on older plants, dumping of seedlings, root rot, rot of root base and crown rot. In the present study, the antagonistic potential was evaluated for two bacteria isolates preliminarily determined as R. leguminosarum bv. trifoli (CD1 and CD6) against three isolates Fusarium spp. (G1, G2 and G3) who were obtained from the roots of symptomatic red clover plants. The research was performed in in vitro agar plate (PDA medium) by methods of dual culture (“bacterial ring”). The comparison of growth assessment of fungi after they were grown together with rhizobia in a single plate and growth of fungi in individual plates was performed. Both rhizobia isolates showed significant antifungal activity against all the tested phytopathogenic fungi. Growth inhibition of G1, G2 and G3 was evaluated (%) using both rhizobia isolates, CD1 varied from 30 to 43 % and CD6 from 14 to 32 %.
Biomass and Protein Yields of Field Peas and Oats Intercrop Affected by Sowing Norms and Nitrogen Fertilizer at Two Different Stages of Growth
(MDPI AG, 2021-09-10) Krga; Simić, Aleksandar; Željko, Dželetović; Babić, Snežana; Katanski, Snežana; Roljević Nikolić, Svetlana; Damnjanović, Jelena
In limited growing conditions, intercropped field peas and oats can represent a significant source of forage rich in protein. If applied correctly, factors such as nitrogen fertilizer, the mowing phase, and sowing norms can significantly increase the productivity of these mixtures. Field trials were conducted to examine their productivity under different nitrogen levels (0, 40, 80 kg ha−1), different sowing norms/mixtures (field peas: oats—100:15%; 100:30%), and two stages of growth (full flowering, full pod formation). Nitrogen fertilizer and different sowing norms had a significant effect on the biomass, hay, and crude protein yields. On average, the highest hay yields were achieved with 80 kg ha−1 N (4.96 t ha−1), followed by 40 kg ha−1 N (4.27 t ha−1). The highest protein yields were achieved with 40 kg ha−1 N (CP—704.1 kg ha−1), followed by 80 kg ha−1 N (CP—637.6 kg ha−1). Sowing norm 100:30% achieved higher hay yields: 100:30%—4.82 t ha−1; 100:15%—4.44 t ha−1, while 100:15% achieved higher crude protein yields: 100:15%—730.4 kg ha−1; 100:30%—692.7 kg ha−1 on average. The costs were not significantly increased with the nitrogen fertilizer, but the net profits were increased by as much as 163%, depending on the nitrogen level and the mixture. Nitrogen fertilizer also achieves higher economic efficiency for the mixture 100:15% compared to the 100:30% mixture. Mixtures of field peas and oats outperform single-grown crops and provide cost-effective feed for a short time. Using optimal seed ratios and nitrogen fertilizer can significantly increase the productivity and profitability of the feed with minimal impact on the overall production costs.
Biomass and Protein Yields of Field Peas and Oats Intercrop Affected by Sowing Norms and Nitrogen Fertilizer at Two Different Stages of Growth
(MDPI AG, 2021-09-10) Krga; Simić; Dželetović; Babić, Snežana; Katanski; Nikolić; Damnjanović
In limited growing conditions, intercropped field peas and oats can represent a significant source of forage rich in protein. If applied correctly, factors such as nitrogen fertilizer, the mowing phase, and sowing norms can significantly increase the productivity of these mixtures. Field trials were conducted to examine their productivity under different nitrogen levels (0, 40, 80 kg ha−1), different sowing norms/mixtures (field peas: oats—100:15%; 100:30%), and two stages of growth (full flowering, full pod formation). Nitrogen fertilizer and different sowing norms had a significant effect on the biomass, hay, and crude protein yields. On average, the highest hay yields were achieved with 80 kg ha−1 N (4.96 t ha−1), followed by 40 kg ha−1 N (4.27 t ha−1). The highest protein yields were achieved with 40 kg ha−1 N (CP—704.1 kg ha−1), followed by 80 kg ha−1 N (CP—637.6 kg ha−1). Sowing norm 100:30% achieved higher hay yields: 100:30%—4.82 t ha−1; 100:15%—4.44 t ha−1, while 100:15% achieved higher crude protein yields: 100:15%—730.4 kg ha−1; 100:30%—692.7 kg ha−1 on average. The costs were not significantly increased with the nitrogen fertilizer, but the net profits were increased by as much as 163%, depending on the nitrogen level and the mixture. Nitrogen fertilizer also achieves higher economic efficiency for the mixture 100:15% compared to the 100:30% mixture. Mixtures of field peas and oats outperform single-grown crops and provide cost-effective feed for a short time. Using optimal seed ratios and nitrogen fertilizer can significantly increase the productivity and profitability of the feed with minimal impact on the overall production costs.
Botanical composition and biomass quality in natural grasslands of southeast part of Serbia
(University of East Sarajevo, Faculty of Agriculture, Republic of Srpska, Bosnia University of Belgrade, Faculty of Agriculture, Serbia Mediterranean Agronomic Institute of Bari (CIHEAM - IAMB) Italy, 2022-10-06) Zornic, Vladimir; Petrović, Mirjana; Babić, Snežana; Sokolović, Dejan; Prijović, Mladen; Tomić, Dalibor; Lazarević, Đorđe
EFFECT OF AZOTOBACTER SPP. ON INITIAL GROWTH OF GRASSES
(University of East Sarajevo, Faculty of Agriculture, Republic of Srpska, Bosnia University of Belgrade, Faculty of Agriculture, Serbia Mediterranean Agronomic Institute of Bari (CIHEAM - IAMB) Italy, 2023-10-05) Andjelković, Snežana; Sokolović, Dejan; Lugić, Zoran; Jevtić, Goran; Radović, Jasmina; Milenković, Jasmina; Babić, Snežana
The composition of the microbial community in rhizosphere can affect plant growth, nutrients uptake, and stress tolerance. In rhizosphere bacteria belonging to the genus Azotobacter there are free nitrogen-fixers promoting growth and health of plants. The aim of this research was to investigate the effect of different native isolates (SA74, SB94, MA7 and their combination) Azotobacter spp. on initial growth of plants tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Scherb) and meadow fescue (Festuca pratensis Huds). The experiment was carried out in semi-controlled conditions. For this study, seeds of tall fescue cultivar Kruševački 20 (K-20) and meadow fescue cultivar Kruševački 21 (K-21) were planted in pots filled with alluvial soil with slightly acidic reaction. The height, green mass per plant, root length and root weight per plant were determined. Four variants of microbial inoculation were compared with the growth of non-inoculated control. The significance of difference between examined treatments was determined by Fisher’s LSD test (p<0.05). At tall fescue, applied isolate SB94 in all investigated parameters had a negative effect. The two other isolates as well as combination of three isolates had a positive effect on initial growth of plants. Only in plant height, the application of a combination of isolates did not have positive result compared to the control. At meadow fescue, inoculation with combined isolates positively influenced plant height andgreen mass per plant. Root length was significantly increased only in treatment with isolate MA7. The influence of inoculation on root weight per plant was not noted.
ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT OF SOME HEAVY METALS IN SELECTED MEDICINAL PLANT SPECIES ALONG A BUSY ROAD IN VRNJAČKA BANJA, SERBIA
(Asociatia Carpatica de Mediu si Stiintele Pamantului, 2022-08-31) BABIĆ; MITRA; DAS MOHAPATRA; PAPOVIĆ; Milenković, Jasmina; Jevtić, Goran; Babić, Snežana; Andjelković, Snežana
This study reported the concentrations of Pb, Cd, Cr, Mn in parts of four medicinal plant species (Cichorium intybus L., Mentha×piperita L., Plantago lanceolata L., Verbascum densiflorum Bertol.) collected from two sites, one few meters away and the other 500 m away from a busy road in Vrnjačka Banja, Serbia. Heavy metals were determined by the atomic absorption method using atomic absorption spectrophotometer. Similar content of tested metals in the soil of the tested locations was recorded, only there was more manganese in the soil closer to the road. The highest concentrations of heavy metals were found in the roots of plants closer to the road. The leaves and stem contain smaller quantities of these metals than root, but there are differences between the studied plant species. In conclusion, all examined metals were present in higher concentrations in plants at the location closest to the road than at the location further away from the road.
Fertility and chemical composition of forest soils covered with Allium ursinum L. In Serbia
(Parlar Scientific Publications, 2022-04) Dželetović, Ž.,; Simić, A.; Marković, Jordan; Andrejić, G.; Denader, T.; Babić, Snežana
A. ursinum is a wild growing species, which is often found on various localities throughout Serbia, primarily within forest and occasionally on meadow. Fresh picked leaves and bulbs are used for preparing a salad or meals. For this research we have collected and analyzed soil and plant material from 12 different locations in Serbia. The analyses of basic fertility of soils have shown that A. ursinum grows mainly on acidic and soils containing high percentage of humus, with high total nitrogen content, low to medium supplies in available phosphorus and high supplies in available potassium. In those soils there is a very strong correlation between the total N content and total organic C (0.931). There is a relatively wide range of concentrations of overall Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb and Zn in soils on which A. ursinum grows. The translocation factor for A. ursinum is TF ≥1 has been calculated for Cd, Pb and Zn.
Fertility and chemical composition of forest soils covered with Allium ursinum L. In Serbia
(2022-04) Dželetović, S. Ž.; Simić, A.; Marković, Jordan; Andrejić, G.; Denader, T.; Babić, Snežana
Forage quality of different Festulolium cultivars
(University of East Sarajevo, Faculty of Agriculture, Republic of Srpska, Bosnia, 2022-10-06) Babić, Snežana; Sokolović, Dejan; Andjelković, Snežana; Petrović, Mirjana; Jevtić, Goran; Prijović, Mladen; Racić, Nedeljko
Hybrids created by crossing between genera Festuca and Lolium species are Festulolium.Crossing species of these genera aim to combine their positive characteristics, such as Festuca tolerance to abiotic stresses and edaphic and climatic conditions with the high quality and digestibility of Lolium perenne and Lolium multiflorum species. Forage quality of 15 different Lolioid Festulolium cultivars and six cultivars of Festuca and Lolium pure species were investigated in a moderate continental climate in Kruševac, Serbia. Plots in the trial (7,5 m2 ) were completely randomized, each in three replications. In the year of establishment, the plots were cut without weighing and taking samples. In the next two years, two cuts were taken. The first cut was done at the beginning of the heading (the first half of May) and the second in the first half of July. On dry samples, from two cuts, the content of crude protein, crude cellulose, crude fat, ash, ADF, NDF and ADL was determined by standard laboratory methods. Results were presented as two-year average values. The best dry matter quality of Festulolium cultivars was determined for cultivars AberNiche and Felopa. The highest crude protein content in the first cut was determined for AberNiche (187.1 gkg-1 ) and Felopa (169.6 gkg-1). Also, the same cultivars noted the lowest values for ADF (296.7 and 303.5 gkg-1 ) and for AberNiche was determined the lowest ADL contet (35.4 gkg-1 ) in the first cut. These cultivars are in the group of cultivars with the lowest NDF value. Based on the obtained results, it can be concluded that the analyzed Festulolium cultivars have a higher crude protein content compared to the cultivars of Festuca pure species, but lower than Lolium species.
Heritability and variability of the most important traits of meadow fescue synthetic cultivars
(Agricultural Research Ltd. Troubsko, Czech Republic, 2023-09-10) Babić, Snežana; Radović, Jasmina; Andjelković, Snežana; Petrović, Mirjana; Jevtić, Goran; Prijović, Mladen; Sokolović, Dejan
Meadow fescue (Festuca pratensis Huds.) is one of the most important perennial grasses for animal feed production on grasslands. It is characterized by high and stable yield potential and good biomass quality. The aim of this study was to determine the broad and narrow sense heritability and genetic (CVG%) and phenotypic (CVF%) coefficient of variation of the most important traits of two synthetic cultivars (Kruševački 21 and Pradel).
Influence of stimulative feeding measures on spring development of bee societies in DB and LR honeycombs
(University of East Sarajevo, Faculty of Agriculture, Republic of Srpska, Bosnia, 2022-10-06) Jevtić, Goran; Babić, Snežana; Andjelković, Snežana; Zornic, Vladimir; Lazarević, Đorđe; Matovic, Kazimir; Nedić, N.
In order for the bee colonies to make the most of the main pasture, and primarily black locust, it is very important that they are in good condition. It is necessary for the societies to reach their maximum strength at the beginning of the main pasture, and not for it to serve them for further development. The beekeeper himself plays a crucial role in the accelerated spring development of bee colonies. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of different ways of spring feeding on the strength of bee colonies and the food supply in them. The experiment was performed with companies that were in Db (Dadant-Blatt) and Lr (Langstroth-Ruth) hives. Four groups of companies were tested, and there were five companies in each group. The first group was supplemented with sugar syrup, enriched with vitamin-mineral complex - Foprsapine (10 drops per liter of syrup). The second group of societies was fed with honey dissolved in water (ratio of honey and water 1:1). The third group of the companies was fed with sugar dough (energy cake without additives). The fourth group of companies was supplemented with sugar syrup (the ratio of water and sugar was 1:1). At the beginning of the experiment, the societies in Lr hives had an average of 4.5 frames with bees, and 2.5 frames with a brood. In the Db hives, the societies occupied five frames with bees, and had 2.7 frames with a brood. At the end of the experiment Lr societies had 8.7 frames with bees, and 4.5 frames with brood, while Db societies had nine frames with bees, and 4.7 frames with brood. The experiment was performed at the apiary of the Institute for Forage Crops in Kruševac.
INSTITUT ZA KRMNO BILJE, KRUŠEVAC, 140 GODINA U SLUŽBI RAZVOJA POLJOPRIVREDE
(Centar za strna žita i razvoj sela Kragujevac, 2023-06-22) Lugić, Zoran; Sokolović, Dejan; Radović, Jasmina; Babić, Snežana; Milenković, Jasmina; Andjelković, Snežana
Institut za krmno bilje u Kruševcu je akreditovani istraživačko razvojni institut. Formiran je 1884. godine, kao Ugledno dobro i vrt, koje je imalo za cilj unapređenje ukupne poljoprivredne proizvodnje. Od 1959. godine, bavi se isključivo istraživanjem krmnog bilja. Glavna istraživanja u Institutu su proučavanje i očuvanje postojećih genetičkih resursa, unapređenje genetičkog potencijala krmnih biljaka, tehnologija proizvodnje i konzervisanja krmnog bilja na oranicama i travnjacima, a sve u cilju unapređenja stočarske proivodnje. Do sada je u Institutu stvoreno preko 40 novih sorti krmnih vrsta. U poslednjih deset godina odbranjeno je 8 doktorskih disertacija, objavljeno preko 250 naučnih radova i saopštenja, a istraživači Instituta su učestvovali, pored nacionalnih i u međunarodnim projektima (EUREKA, TEMPUS, HORISON), što ukazuje da institut ima značajno mesto u domaćoj i međunarodnoj naučnoj zajednici. U saradnji sa Ministarstvom poljoprivrede i lokalnim samoupravama, realizovani su projekti navelikom broju gazdinstava, čiji je cilj primena dobijenih rezultata istraživanja u praksu. Dugogodišnja tradicija, iskustvo i dosadašnji rezultati čine da je Institut ustanova koja je i dalje u službi razvoja poljoprivrede, kojoj poljoprivredni prozvođači veruju.
Isoflavones of the red and Hungarian clover and possible impact on animal diet
(Czech Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 2021-06-29) Petrović, Mirjana; Sokolović, Dejan ; Babić, Snežana; Vymyslický; Marković, Jordan; Zornic, Vladimir; Dajić-Stevanović
Isoflavones of the red and Hungarian clover and possible impact on animal diet
(Czech Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 2021-06-29) Petrović, Mirjana; Sokolović, Dejan; Babić, Snežana; Vymyslický, T.; Marković, Jordan; Zornic, Vladimir; Dajić-Stevanović, Zora
The content of daidzein, genistein, formononetin, and biochanin A isoflavones was studied in natural populations of red and Hungarian clover, to estimate their impact on fodder quality and to determine directions in possible breeding programs. The study included 6 red clover (Trifolium pratense) and 6 Hungarian clover (Trifolium pannonicum) populations, collected in the central Balkans. The differences between the species and among the populations were analysed. The average content of total isoflavones was 1.393 mg g-1 and 0.487 mg g-1 of air dry matter in Hungarian clover, respectively. While the most prevailed isoflavone in red clover was biochanin A (46%), the Hungarian clover populations were rich in genistein (43%). The red clover leaves accumulated the highest content of isoflavones. The Hungarian clover flowers and leaves had an equal amount of isoflavones. The obtained values of the total isoflavones could not affect the overall nutrient quality and therefore, researched natural populations of two clover species could be considered for further breeding programs.
Kruševačka 50 (K-50)
(2019) Lugić, Zoran; Petrović, Mirjana; Radović, Jasmina; Sokolović, Dejan; Babić, Snežana; Zornic, Vladimir
Microbiological and chemical properties of agricultural soils in South-western Serbia
(Serbian Society of Soil Science, 2021-09-21) Andjelković, Snežana; Lugić, Zoran; Babić, Snežana; Marković, Jordan; Zornic, Vladimir; Petrović, Mirjana; Bekčić, Filip
Soil management is important to all agricultural systems and the reduction of soil degradation is a base to sustain future plants production. Physical and chemical characteristics of soil are the most important properties that affect the number of microorganisms, especially pH and organic matter content. The aim of this investigation was to examine microbiological and basic chemical properties of agricultural soils in the south-western part of Serbia. Soil samples from 62 localities of agricultural soil were taken aseptically from a depth of 0-25 cm. Based on the pH value tested soils are acidic, between 3.96 and 6.20, with medium content of humus. Results of this study showed that the presence of microorganisms in the tested soil samples is influenced by numerous factors and that each soil provides different conditions for life of microbes. The total number of microorganisms in soil samples varied from 18 to 122 x 106, the number of free-living nitrogen-fixers from 17 to 95 x 105 and fungi in the range from 3 to 55 x 104 per one gram of absolutely dry soil.
Morpho-biochemical response perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) populations to water shortage
(Palacký University Olomouc, 2023-09-10) Prijović, Mladen; Sokolović, Dejan; Babić, Snežana; Petrović, Mirjana; Stepić, Marija; Lazarević, Đorđe; Sabovljević, Aneta
Drought is one of the most significant effects of global climate change. It is expected to be more intense in some parts of southern Europe and the Balkan Peninsula in the next decade. Drought stress is the most important restriction factor for food and feed productivity. Perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) forms the basis of grassland production in temperate pastures and represents one of the most important forage grasses globally.
Non-fiber carbohydrates and neutral detergent-soluble fibre in alfalfa
(Research Institute of Mountain Stockbreeding and Agriculture, Troyan, 2021) Marković, Jordan; Babić, Snežana; Lazarević, Đorđe; Milenković, Jasmina; Prijović, Mladen; Zornic, Vladimir; Vasić, Tanja
Carbohydrates are important in the nutrition of animals because they are the major source of energy and typically comprise 70 to 80{\%} of the diet. Carbohydrate contents of forage can vary widely due to the interaction of plants and their environment. These variables include: species and variety of the forage, stage of growth and environmental conditions during plant growth. The aim of this study was to estimate the content of NFC-Non-Fiber Carbohydrates and NDSF -- Neutral Detergent Soluble Fiber depending on the stage of growth, cuts and cultivars of alfalfa. Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) -- cv K28 selected at Institute for forage crops Kru{\v{s}}evac and cv G+13R+CZ selected at UC Davis Plant Breeding Center, University of California were sampled at three stages of maturity: full bud, early bloom (10-15{\%} of flowering) and mid bloom (50-60{\%} of flowering) in four cuts during the year. Results of this investigation showed that alfalfa cultivars did not differ significantly in NFC and NDSF content. On the other hand, content of NFC decreased from 237.0 to 230.6 g kg -1 DM with growth and development, whereas content of NDSF increased with plant development from 131.5 to 136.8 g kg -1 DM, but the differences between treatments were not significant. The highest content of NFC and NDSF was observed in the third cut. These carbohydrates are considered to be highly digestible and rapidly fermentable. Improving the understanding of this large portion of the dairy cattle diet has the potential to improve animal performance and profitability while maintaining health.