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Item Процена ефекта примене ризобијалних сојева на принос луцерке гајене на земљишту са повећаном концентрацијом никла(Toplička akademija strukovnih studija, 2025-04-23) Andjelković, Snežana; Pešić, M.; Tošić Jojević, S.; Sikirić, B.; Mrvić, V.; Milinković, M.; Stajković Srbinović, O.Lucerka (Medicago sativa L.) je najznačajnija leguminozna vrsta za stočarstvo, a razlog za to jeste što se ova biljna vrsta odlikuje visokom hranljivom, energetskom i biološkom vrednošću. Zahvaljujući ovim osobimama lucerka se koristi i kao dodatak u ishrani humane populacije, u farmaceutskoj i kozmetičkoj industriji. Lucerka živi u simbioznoj zajednici sa rizobijalnim bakterijama pri čemu u procesu azotofiksacije može da fiksira 43-80 % potrebnog azota. Ova leguminoza može da apsobuje veliku količinu potencijalno toksičnih elemenata, što predstavlja potencijalnu opasnost da oni uđu u lanac ishrane. U sprovedenim istraživanjima ispitivan je uticaj primene sojeva Ensifer meliloti: 218, 224, G-nov, 4193cs, 217k i 252 na prinos suve mase u prvom i drugom otkosu lucerke (sorta K-28) u godini zasnivanja. Eksperiment je postavljen na oglednom polju Instituta za krmno bilje Kruševac po randomiziranom blok sistemu u četiri ponavljanja u proleće 2024. godine na zemljištu sa povećanom koncentracijom nikla. U prvom otkosu masa suve materije kretala se u rasponu od 151,2 do 246,8 g/m2, a u drugom otkosu od 116,6 do 286,4 g/m2. U oba otkosa, na tretmanu na kome je primenjen izolat 252 zabeležena je veća vrednost suve mase u odnosu na konrolu. Takođe, pozitivan efekat je postignut apliciranjem soja 218 u prvom i soja 4193cs u drugom otkosu. Ovo su rezultati prve faze eksperimenta, a u daljim istraživanjima analiziraće se efekat inokulacije ovim sojevima na usvajanje nikla od strane lucerke pošto pri povecanoj koncentraciji u zemljištu, raste sadržaj ovog metala u nadzemnim organima i korenu lucerke, a sa ciljem pronalaženja rešenja za proizvodnju dovoljnih količina kvalitetne i zdravstveno bezbedne stočne hrane.Item Antimicrobial resistance in Salmonella: One Health perspective on global food safety challenges(Elsevier BV, 2025) Kumar, R.; Adeyemi, O. N.; Chattaraj, S.; Alloun, W.; Thamarsha, A.K.A.N.W.M.R.K.; Andjelković, Snežana; Mitra, D.; Gautam, P.Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in Salmonella is a major concern in terms of human health, environmental sustainability, and global food security. Salmonella, the world's most prevalent foodborne pathogen, has gradually gained resistance to important drugs, complicating treatment efforts and leading to rising morbidity, mortality, and economic costs. Overuse of antibiotics in human medicine and agriculture, inadequate regulatory compliance, and environmental pollution from agricultural runoff and treated sewage all contribute to the growth and spread of AMR in Salmonella. Health as well as viewpoints on environmental, animal, and human health will be required to address this complicated problem. This includes promoting reasonable antibiotic use, improving global surveillance systems, and researching novel treatments including phage therapy, probiotics, and new antibiotics. Proposals for vaccination and precise food safety standards are critical for limiting Salmonella transmission across the food chain. Despite significant progress, critical research gaps continue, specifically in understanding the molecular basis of resistance and the role of environmental practices. However, contemporary research endeavors are concentrated on identifying and comprehending the prevalence of extensively drug-resistant Salmonella strains, elucidating the bacterium's defense mechanisms against antibiotics, and investigating outbreaks associated with vegetables. Global surveillance, the development of alternative therapies, and the implementation of stricter antibiotic policies are essential strategies in addressing AMR in Salmonella. Additionally, policy design and implementation, capacity building in low- and middle-income countries, and raising public awareness all necessitate urgent global collaboration among governments, international agencies, non-governmental organizations, and the corporate sector. Stricter regulations on overuse of antibiotics in agriculture is also called for. This review highlights the importance of multi-disciplinary struggles in engaging Salmonella, as integrated resolutions through a One Health approach are crucial for ensuring food safety, preserving public health, and minimizing the worldwide threat of AMR.Item Variability of vitamin E content in ZP popcorn hybrids(Maize Research Institute Zemun Polje, 2025-09-29) Srdić, J.; Vukadinović, J.; Mladenović Drinić, S.; Nikolić, A.; Milenković, Jasmina; Kravić, N.; Anđelković, V.Vitamin E is a group of eight lipid-soluble antioxidants found in plants, divided into tocopherols and tocotrienols. As an essential nutrient, it supports seed development, stress response, and membrane protection. In humans, it helps protect cell membranes and may reduce the risk of diseases such as Alzheimer's, cancer, neurological disorders and inflammation. Both tocopherols and tocotrienols exist in four isoforms: α (alpha), β (beta), γ (gamma), and δ (delta), classified based on the position of methyl groups on the chromanol ring. This study analyzed α, γ+β, and δ tocopherols (T) and tocotrienols (T3) in five popcorn hybrids grown in Zemun Polje (ZP) and Kruševac (KŠ), Serbia. The content of vitamin E was higher in Zemun Polje, indicating that environmental factors had a significant impact on the content. The average content of α-T was 5.31 μg/g dry weight (DW) at ZP and 4.27 μg/g DW at KŠ, with ranges of 3.99–7.52 μg/g DW and 3.18–5.03 μg/g DW, respectively. The highest α-T content at both locations was recorded in hybrid ZP 6119k. The average content of γ+β-T was 29.63 μg/g DW at ZP and 23.51 μg/g DW at KŠ. δ-T content ranged from 1.69–3.63 μg/g DW at ZP and from 0.89–2.25 μg/g DW at KŠ. The highest α-T3 content at both locations was found in hybrid ZP 614k (5.21 μg/g DW at ZP and 3.62 μg/g DW at KŠ). γ+β-T3 varied from 4.13–7.07 μg/g DW (ZP) and 3.29–6.99 μg/g DW (KŠ). The highest values of δ-T3 were 0.74 μg/g DW in ZP 6153k (ZP) and 0.76 μg/g DW in ZP 6119k and ZP 6170k (KŠ). Popcorn hybrids with higher Vitamin E content, especially ZP 6119k, show potential as functional foods with added health benefits for human consumption.Item Seed size and protein content in dry grains of the faba bean (Vicia faba L.) lines originated from Serbian local populations(LiveSeeding, the Polytechnic University of Coimbra, and supporting organisations and projects, 2025-05-26) Milenković, Jasmina; Petrović, Mirjana; Stepić, Marija; Bekčić, Filip; Andjelković, Snežana; Zornic, Vladimir; Perović, D.In the past, the faba bean (Vicia faba L.) was an important legume in the Mediterranean diet for both humans and livestock. Today, however, it has largely been forgotten in Serbia. The Serbian Ministry of Agriculture currently recognizes only two commercial varieties of faba bean for animal feed (var. minor). Faba beans intended for human consumption are grown on very small plots of land, primarily for family use. The key factor for the survival of tiny local faba bean populations is the traditional preparation of faba bean tied to Lenten practices observed by Orthodox Christians. During this time, guests are offered a vegan, hummus-style dish made from faba beans. However, this dish is not prepared in all regions of Serbia, or every village. Seeds are infrequently transferred between farmers and are rarely found at the farmer’s markets, so it is feasible to believe that faba bean biodiversity in Serbia is high because maybe every farmer, which produces faba bean, has his own population. The Institute for Forage Crops Kruševac (IKBKS) has launched a research program to collect and evaluate native faba bean populations in Serbia. This collection now has approximately 30 original populations and about 60+ inbreed derived lines. According to preliminary assessments, the grain quality and grain bioactive material content are both a quite high (Milenković et al., 2024, Mitić et al., 2024). In this research, the lines were divided into two groups depending on seed size: major and equine-minor, to evaluate if grain size affects protein content. Because in Serbia the majority of local populations have a major grain size, the lines with equine and minor grain types are joined. The two-year experiment was conducted on the IKBKS plot in two repetitions using a randomized block system. The crude protein content was chemically analyzed using the Kjeldahl method. In this exploratory study, the crude protein content of the dry grain of faba bean lines was investigated in order to choose material for future work on the development of a new high-protein faba bean variety. According to the findings of this study, the protein content of the examined lines ranged between 26-31%, indicating that there is need for future research into the development of high-quality varieties for human or animal consumption. Low-input agriculture is consistent with sustainable farming goals in Serbia, and it can be especially beneficial for smallholder farmers trying to save costs while minimizing their environmental impact. Collecting and cultivating neglected and old species in conventional and organic agriculture can make a significant contribution to healthy food.Item Antimicrobial potential of the methanol and water extract of Potentilla argentea L. aerial parts and roots(Prirodno-matematički fakultet, Univerzitet u Banjoj Luci, 2025-11-13) Duboja Krstić, A.; Novaković, M.; Pešić, S.; Stojanović, D.; Stepić, Marija; Joković, N.; Vitorović, J.Potentilla argentea L., is traditionally used in Kruševac, Serbia, as an herbal decoction for the treatment of gastrointestinal disorders. This study evaluated and compared the antimicrobial activity of both the plant root and aerial parts (stems, leaves and flowers). P. argentea samples were collected during two different periods: March and May. Samples were dried, ground, and subjected to ultrasonic extraction using methanol (ME) and water (AE). The aqueous extract of the root was prepared following the traditional method of tea preparation, with modifications involving 24-hour steeping in water prior to filtration, rather than immediate use as in typical preparation. Antimicrobial activity was assessed by determining Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) against seven American Type Culture Collection (ATCC) bacterial strains: Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538, Bacillus cereus ATCC 11778, Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 29212, Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Salmonella enteritidis ATCC 13076, Enterobacter aerogenes ATCC 13048 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 9027. None of the extracts inhibited E.coli, while the strongest antimicrobial activity was observed againts S. enteritidis (0,0098/0,0098 mg/ml). ME from aerial parts exhibited stronger antimicrobial activity compared to root extracts. However, root ME exhibited greater antimicrobial activity against B. cereus compared to aerial part ME, while it showed no antimicrobial activity against E. aerogenes and P. aerogenes. No significant difference was observed between root and aerial parts ME against S. aureus and E. faecalis, though samples harvested in May exhibited greater antimicrobial acitivity in both cases. AE from roots collected in March showed no antimicrobial activity.Item Antioxidant potential of the methanol and water extract of Potentilla argentea L. aerial parts and roots(Prirodno-matematički fakultet, Univerzitet u Banjoj Luci, 2025-11-13) Duboja Krstić, A.; Novaković, M.; Pešić, S.; Stojanović, D.; Stepić, Marija; Joković, N.; Vitorović, J.Potentilla argentea L. is traditionally used in the municipality of Kruševac, Serbia, as tea to treat stomach ailments. In this study, aerial parts (stems, leaves and flowers) and roots of P. argentea were collected in two different growth stages near the village of Ribare, Serbia. The first period of collection was during vegetative growth at the end of March and the second during the flowering phase at the end of May. Dried aerial parts and root samples were subjected to ultrasonic extraction using methanol and water as solvents. Total phenolic content (TPC) and total flavonoid content (TFC) of the extracts were determined, along with their antioxidative potential using DPPH, Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power (FRAP) and Total Antioxidant Capacity (TAC) assays. The TPC and TFC of aerial parts and root samples were not significantly different when comparing the two growth stages. Root methanol extracts (RME) exhibited the highest TPC values followed by methanol extracts of aerial parts (MEAP) and root water extract (RWE). However, TFC was higher in MEAP compared to RME and RWE. Samples collected during flowering showed better antioxidative potential in DPPH, FRAP and TAC assays to those collected during vegetative growth. RME showed the strongest antiradical activity in the DPPH assay and also exhibited higher FRAP and TAC values than MEAP. Overall, the RME obtained from flowering P. argentea displayed the most pronounced antioxidant potential. Strong antioxidant potential demonstrated by the plant through multiple assays provides scientific support for its traditional use in the treatment of gastrointestinal disorders.Item Expected genetic gain of the most important traits in the breeding process of the meadow fescue.(2025-09-01) Babić, Snežana; Sokolović, Dejan; Prijović, Mladen; Andjelković, Snežana; Lazarević, Đorđe; Zornic, Vladimir; Radović, JasminaMeadow fescue (Festuca pratensis Huds.) is an important perennial forage grass for animal feed production on grasslands and pastures, with high yield potential and good-quality biomass. During the breeding process, it is often necessary to predict, based on the results of the initial selection cycles, how much a certain trait can be improved. To that end, it is necessary to determine the expected genetic gain (ΔGe), a parameter that tells us how much a trait can be improved by breeding it alone in the following period. Individual plants for hybridization, to obtain progeny by the method of Comstock and Robinson, were selected completely randomly. To examine the obtained progeny, the study was performed in an experimental field of the Institute for Forage Crops, in two replications. The experiment was set up according to the Nested Design I, with sets within the replications. In cv. Kruševački 21 (K-21), 60 full-sib progeny were studied in two sets, while in the cv. Pradel a total of 39 full-sib progeny were studied. Within each full-sib progeny, 60 plants were analyzed. In both cultivars, the highest expected genetic gain was determined for the number of generative and vegetative tillers per plant and dry matter yield per plant. The least success can be achieved by improving the heading date and crude protein content in the 1st cut in cv. K-21, and in cv. Pradel for traits leaf length and crude protein content in the 1st cut. By breeding individual traits, based on the obtained results, a large genetic gain is expected in many studied traits. Considering the existence of correlations between the most important agronomic traits, it is observed that often, by breeding one trait, a negative response is encountered in another trait. For this reason, the expected indirect genetic gain from selection was calculated, i.e., the effect of breeding one trait on other ordered traits. In the cv. K-21, achieving the expected genetic gain in plant height, would lead to a decrease in dry matter yield and leaf length. By creating later cultivars, the result would be a cultivar with a smaller number of generative tillers and a lower protein content in the first cut. Successful breeding for increased crude protein content in the first cut of 9.9 gkg-1 would result in a significant reduction in dry matter yield, followed by a reduction in the number of vegetative and generative tillers, but also earlier maturity. In cv. Pradel, a positive effect of the selection of individual traits on other studied traits was recorded for most of the traits. The only realization of the expected genetic gain in the increase in leaf length would result in a decrease in the number of vegetative tillers per plant.Item Binucleate Rhizoctonia AG-A pathogen of red clover in Serbia(2025-09-01) Bekčić, Filip; Milenković, Jasmina; Babić, Snežana; Stepić, Marija; Andjelković, Snežana; Duduk, N.; Vico, I.Red clover (Trifolium pratense L.) in Serbia has a long history of cultivating due to its favorable growing characteristics and its high nutritional value, but it is susceptible to the variety of fungal pathogens that can limit its yield and shorten the plants lifespan. Rhizoctonia spp. represent a very important genus of phytopathogenic fungi that inhabit the soil and can infect a vast verity of cultivated plants (Vojvodić, 2021). Sampling of red clover plant F2 with symptoms of stunting and necrosis of leaves and stems was done on 05.11.2020. on red clover monoculture plot in Globoder, Serbia (43°34'56.9"N 21°12'08.2"E). Plant F2 root surface was dark colored with sporadical cracks in the root epidermis. The root cross sections showed dark brown necrotic tissue of central cylinder, which was used for pathogen isolation. Obtained isolate had an average growth of 75,67 mm after seven days at 25° C and was designated F2B. After acquiring a hyphal tip fungal colony macromorphological and micromorphological features were examined on PDA medium. The culture had a woolly structure, mycelium color was paled beige with shades of light brown, sclerotia structures were not present. Microscope examination showed septate hyphae (average width 9,3 µm) with characteristic 90° branching, constriction at the branching point and a septa in the immediate vicinity (Picture 1.). Obtained morphological features were in accordance with the features of the Rhizoctonia genus. Pathogenicity of the isolate was confirmed on red clover plants and detached plant parts by three pathogenicity tests. The first test consisted of detached red clover leaves inoculation and measuring of lesion diameter (average 6.23 mm), the second was inoculation of red clover stem fragments (40 mm) with measuring of necrotic stem part length (average 27,65 mm) after seven days of incubation at 25° C. The third pathogenisity test consisted of inoculation of 150 days old red clover plants in semi controlled environment (Yli-Mattila et al., 2008). Inoculation spot was on the main clover roots, about 20 mm from the plant crown and scoring was done 60 days after. Leaves and stems symptoms were visible on seven plants, but the root symptoms were present in all 12 treatment plants, while control plants remained symptomless. Average width of the root necrotic tissue was 2,36 mm and length was 24,28 mm. Species level identification was done by isolating genomic DNA followed by PCR amplification of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) using ITS1/ITS4 primer pair. BLAST analysis of the nucleotide sequence revealed that isolate F2B was identical with several reference sequences of binucleate Rhizoctonia AGA deposited in NCBI GenBank. Based on morphological, pathogenic and molecular features of the isolate F2B, the pathogen of red clover that caused rot root was identified as binucleate Rhizoctonia AG-A.Item Variability and heritability of dry matter yield components of perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) genotypes(2025-09-01) Sokolović, Dejan; Babić, Snežana; Radović, Jasmina; Lugić, Zoran; Prijović, MladenPerennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) is one of the most important perennial forage grasses in the northern climate. It is characterized with high quality, digestibility and dry matter yield. The aim of breeding of this species is obtaining cultivars with high stabile yield, quality and field resistance, with different time of maturity. Wild populations are good initial breeding material, which have high variability and adaptability what is important prerequisite for selection of superior genotypes. The main disadvantage of that material is lack of uniformity, which is hard to achieve before cultivar registration. In the directed breeding process, despite decreasing of some traits total variability, some desirable level of heterogeneity remain what gives the genotype better adaptability. Nevertheless, improvement of some important agronomic traits interact with value of other ones.Investigations of variability parameters (variance components and coefficients of variation) and heritability of perennial ryegrass genotypes for agronomic most important traits are shown here, as well as their correlations. Prosperous perennial ryegrass genotypes originated from wild populations were investigated in space-plant nursery (60x60cm). Time of tillering, plant height, sward diameter, number of tillers per plant, dry matter yield (DMY) and crude protein content were investigated. For plant height and DMY the highest differences between genotypic and phenotypic variance components were determined and the lowest heritability (16.4% and 25.4%), respectively. Highest heritability is determined for time of tillering (83.26%) and sward diameter (79.87%). According the data, breeding of genotypes for improvement of these traits could provide effective results in short period. Also high heritability was detected for number of tillers per plant and crude protein content.Item THE INFLUENCE OF WEATHER ON THE QUALITY OF HONEY IN RASINA REGION FOR THE PERIOD OF 2019-2024(Faculty of Agriculture, University of East Sarajevo, Republic of Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina, 2025-10-02) Jevtić, Goran; Babić, Snežana; Andjelković, Snežana; Lazarević, Đorđe; Petrović, Mirjana; Zornic, Vladimir; Matović, K.The paper monitored the influence of weather conditions (temperature, air humidity, sunshine and rainfall) on the quality of acacia honey, meadow honey and honeydew in the period 2019- 2024. from the territory of the Rasin district in Serbia. Weather conditions were monitored both throughout the year and for 30 days during the acacia flowering. The parameters of honey quality were determined according to the methods of the Rulebook on the quality of honey and other bee products (2015). According to this rulebook, the following parameters of honey quality were determined: the amount of water, free acids, reducing sugars, sucrose, substances insoluble in water, hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF), diastase activity and electrical conductivity. When it comes to the weather in this period, two years stand out. One of these was 2024, dry and warm with high temperatures, low humidity and little precipitation. The other is 2023, which was warm and humid, when a high average temperature was measured, but also the highest amount of precipitation and the highest air humidity. After the weather conditions were followed 30 days since the flowering of acacia, we concluded that the year 2022 was the warmest, and that the other parameters were the highest in 2023. The weather conditions, in all three analyzed types of honey, had the greatest influence on the amount of water and the amount of free acids. In 2023, all three types of honey had the most water and the most free acids. Acacia honey had slightly more water in 2021 and less sucrose in 2023. Honeydew has an increased content of free acids and their presence in honey does not depend much on weather conditions.Item Variation of spike harvest index in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)(Kraljevo : Association science and business center, ''WORLD'' ; Beograd : Institute for plant protection and environment, 2025-01-30) Urošević, D.; Knežević, D.; Matković Stojišin, M.; Đurović, V.; Zornic, Vladimir; Mićanović, D.; Zečević, V.Spike harvest index (SHI) can be an indicator of partitioning assimilation into seeds vegetative biomass and wheat productivity. The aim of this study is estimation of spike harvest index variation in wheat varieties grown under different environmental conditions. Twenty genetically divergent winter wheat cultivars were included in two years which characterized different weather conditions. On the field experiment in randomized block design in three replications, the seeds of varieties were sown at the distance of 0.10 m in rows of 1.0 m length with the distance of 0.2 m. For analysis of spike harvest index determined in proportion of seed mass spike-1/mass of spike, 60 plants in full maturity stage (20 plants per replication) were used. The results showed differences of spike harvest index among varieties and between years of experiment. In the first year the variety Pobeda had the highest value of spike harvest index (80.93%) and the Evropa 90 had the lowest SHI (75.67%), while in second year of experiment, the variety Zadruga had the highest value of spike harvest index (85.00%) and the Šumadinka had the lowest SHI (75.50%). Differences of SHI in wheat varieties are due to response of genotypes to environmental factors as well as interaction of genotype/environment.Item Current botanical composition permanent grassland and forage quality in the Municipality of Lučani(Faculty of Agriculture, University of East Sarajevo, Republic of Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina, 2025-10-02) Zornic, Vladimir; Racić, Nedeljko; Lazarević, Đorđe; Lugić, Zoran; Tomić, Dalibor; Pavlović, N.; Petrović, MirjanaLivestock production depends on high-quality fodder, so it is necessary to assess the quality of fodder in order to balance the rations better and to ensure that the diet is as consistent and highquality as possible all year long. The aim of the study was research botanical composition and the quality of hay in farms in the Municipality of Lučani, to identify animal production constraints in the hilly areas in Republic of Serbia. In 2025, 31 samples of meadow hay and 15 samples of alfalfa hay were collected from animal farms. The floristic composition of the meadow hay was determined by calculating the weight share of specific groups (grasses, legumes, and others). Biomass quality was assessed by using infrared spectrophotometry, and the content of protein, ADF, NDF, fat and minerals was determined. Meadow hay samples had a relatively low percentage of legumes, with samples containing up to 10% of legumes prevailing. The share of forbs was usually up to 10%, which is satisfactory, and the hay samples were dominated by grasses. The hay samples had a relatively low protein content, with samples containing less than 11% protein prevailing. The comparatively high levels of NDF and ADF suggested low digestibility and palatability. The alfalfa hay had a higher protein content than the meadow hay, ranging from 14% to 18%. This was due to alfalfa’s greater potential for producing high-quality hay and its earlier mowing. Permanent grasslands have not been fully utilized because they are mowed relatively late and receive insufficient fertilization, but alfalfa fields have better management, which leads to much higher quality.Item Chestnut tannins in lamb nutrition, balancing protein utilization and feed efficiency in sustainable fattening systems.(Institute for Animal Husbandry, Belgrade-Zemun, Serbia, 2024-10-29) Cekić, B.; Ružić-Muslić, D.; Maksimović, N.; Dolašević, S.; Stojiljković, S.; Mandić, V.; Marković, J.Tannins are complex plant-derived polyphenols that are increasingly being investigated in ruminant nutrition due to their protein binding capacity, bioactive properties and potential to support sustainable production goals. They can modulate fermentation in the rumen, reduce protein degradation and alter the dynamics of nutrient absorption dynamics — but their dual role as functional and potentially antinutritive agents requires differentiated evaluation. This paper discusses the broader functional importance of tannins in ruminant diets based on a comprehensive literature review, focussing on their mechanisms of action, influence on digestibility, animal performance and metabolic responses. Within this framework, a practical model of lamb fattening will be analysed to investigate the controlled use of chestnut tannins under different feeding conditions and protein balances. The model serves to illustrate the general challenges of implementing tannin research in commercial feeding systems. The importance of dosage, tannin type, feed matrix and animal-specific factors that determine efficacy and safety is emphasised. Whilst the integration of tannins offers promising routes to nitrogen efficiency and reduced environmental impact, practical implementation requires a clear understanding of the economic trade-offs and variability at farm level. The findings presented will serve as a basis for future research designs and practical implementation strategies for plant additives in small ruminant diets.Item Chemometric Approach to Fatty Acid Composition in Green and Mature Seeds of Selected Faba Bean ( Vicia faba L.) Populations from Serbia(Informa UK Limited, 2025-06-26) Mitić, V.; Nikolić, J.; Stankov Jovanović, V.; Milenković, Jasmina; Zlatanović, I; Arsić, B.; Stojanović, G.Fatty acid composition in green and mature seeds of selected faba bean (Vicia faba L.) populations from Serbia was examined by Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis. The average concentrations of palmitic, stearic, and linoleic acids are higher in mature seed samples − 14.98%, 7.46%, and 48.39%, respectively, compared to green seed samples, which contain 14.93%, 6.68%, and 47.59% of these fatty acids. Green seeds exhibit a higher average oleic acid content at 30.80%, whereas mature seeds contain 29.17%.The results were statistically processed using statistical techniques: discriminant analysis (DA), principal component analysis (PCA), and multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA).Item Impact of Rhizobial and Mycorrhizal Inoculation on Alfalfa Cultivars Productivity under Different Liming Levels(Institutul Național de Cercetare Dezvoltare Agricolă Fundulea, 2025) Racić, Nedeljko; Stevović, Vladeta; Petrović, Mirjana; Lazarević, Đorđe; Andjelković, Snežana; Jevtić, Goran; Zornic, VladimirAlfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) is a highly valuable crop in agriculture, particularly due to its high biomass yield, rich protein content, and excellent digestibility, making it essential for livestock farming. However, its sensitivity to acidic soils presents a significant challenge for establishing and cultivating alfalfa in degraded soils. The current study aim was to investigate how selected inoculants affect alfalfa production when applied to acidic soils with different levels of liming. In this study, the effects of pre-sowing seed inoculation treatments of rhizobia - Sinorhizobium (Ensifer) meliloti (R), mycorrhizal fungi (MF), co-inoculation of rhizobia and mycorrhizal fungi (RMF), and control-no inoculation (C) -were assessed in three alfalfa cultivars (K-28, Zuzana, and Nijagara). The experiment was conducted under semi-controlled conditions in a completely randomized block design. The number of nodules, mycorrhizal colonization, dry matter yield of shoots and roots, protein yield, and phosphorus content were assessed. Acidic soil (pHKCl 4.55) was used for sowing, no lime (L0), alongside treatments on soils limed with 1 t ha-1 (L1) and 2.5 t ha-1 (L2) of Ca(OH)₂. The results indicated that rhizobia application increased the dry matter yield of shoots and roots. Protein yield at the L1 liming level ranged from 13.1 g/kg in the control treatment to 16.9 g/kg in the treatment with rhizobia, while at the L2 liming level, it ranged from 17.6 g/kg in the control treatment to 25.1 g/kg in the treatment with co-inoculation. Pre-sowing inoculation with mycorrhizal fungi and co-inoculation increased mycorrhizal colonization and phosphorus content. The results indicate the positive effects of both single and co-inoculation on alfalfa productivity. The impact of inoculation with the selected rhizobia strain was more pronounced in acidic soils than in limed soils and was cultivar-dependent. Therefore, the key to increasing alfalfa output in acidic soils is matching the strain with the cultivar.Item The cultivation possibility of tall oat grass and red clover mixture on acidic soil in order to develop a sustainable management system(University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, 2025-03-26) Tomić, Dalibor; Stevović, Vladeta; Đurović, Dragan; Marjanović, Miloš; Pavlović, Nenad; Madić, Milomirka; Zornic, Vladimir; Lazarević, ĐorđeThe work aimed to analyze the effects of soil liming on the productivity of the mixture of tall oat grass and red clover during the entire period of exploitation in order to develop sustainable management systems in agriculture. The trial was conducted from 2014 to 2020 on the experimental field in Čačak on an alluvial soil with an acid reaction. The trial was set up as a completely randomized block system with four replicates and a plot size of 5x1 m. Levels of liming included: A1 – control (without CaO); A2 – 3 t ha-1 CaO; A3 – 6 t ha-1 CaO. Crop response to soil liming was determined by the amount of lime applied, the amount of rainfall and the developmental stage of the species during the life cycle. In concrete conditions, the greatest positive effect of soil liming was observed in the second and third years of production. And if it was expected that the proportion of clover and the intensity of nitrogen fixation generally increase with the application of soil liming, this study showed that in some cases the crop responded differently and non-linearly to the application of lime. By growing red clover in a mixture with tall oat grass and applying soil liming on acidic soils, satisfactory yields can be achieved while recovering the soil from intensive exploitation, which can be good practice for developing a sustainable management system in agriculture.Item Advances in Bioprocess Monitoring and Control Systems(IGI Global Scientific Publishing, 2025-09-05) Kumar, R.; Chattaraj, S.; Gökhan Boyno, G.; Alloun, W.; Andjelković, Snežana; Živković, S.; Guerra Sierra, B. E.; Mitra, D.The bioprocess monitoring market, valued at $12.3 billion in 2023, is expected to grow at a CAGR of 9.1% to reach $20.5 billion by 2030. This growth is driven by biosensors, machine learning, and Industry 4.0. Innovations like Raman spectroscopy and NMR have improved metabolite profiling accuracy, leading to enhanced process control. Artificial intelligence-driven models have reduced batch variability by 20%, while digital twin technologies have reduced process development time by 25%. Automated fed-batch strategies have increased recombinant protein yields by 15-25%, while microfluidic bioreactors enable high-throughput screening with a 5-fold reduction in reagent costs. Soft-sensor technologies have adjusted metabolic flux projections by 35%, reducing process variation. IoT-enabled bioprocessing has reduced manual interventions by 40%, improving operational effectiveness.Item Smart Recycling and Sustainable Lignocellulosic Waste Management(Springer Nature Singapore, 2025) Gupta, N.; Wijenayake, W.P.T.; Roy, D.; Kumar, R.; Rangot, M.; Chugh, P.; Santoyo, G.; Chattaraj, S.; Bhaskar, S.S.; Andjelković, Snežana; Guerra-Sierra, B.E.; Mitra, D.Lignocellulosic waste management and smart recycling strategies are critical components of a sustainable bioeconomy and environmental stewardship. The increasing generation of lignocellulosic waste from agricultural, forestry, and industrial activities poses significant environmental and economic concerns. Conventional disposal methods such as landfilling and incineration contribute to pollution and resource depletion. In response, smart recycling techniques have emerged as viable solutions for converting lignocellulosic waste into valuable resources while minimizing environmental impact. Mechanical, chemical, and biological processes are integral to smart recycling, enabling the conversion of waste biomass into biofuels, biochemicals, biopolymers, and other high-value products. Advanced technologies such as pyrolysis, hydrothermal processing, enzymatic hydrolysis, and fermentation offer efficient pathways for lignocellulosic waste valorization, contributing to energy security and reducing greenhouse gas emissions. The integration of circular economic principles into lignocellulosic waste management promotes material reuse, recycling, and resource efficiency. This approach emphasizes the transformation of waste streams into secondary raw materials, thereby reducing dependence on finite resources and mitigating environmental degradation. Case studies and real-world applications have underscored the feasibility and scalability of smart recycling techniques across diverse waste streams and regions. However, challenges persist in terms of technological maturity, economic viability, and regulatory frameworks, necessitating interdisciplinary collaboration and policy interventions to facilitate its widespread adoption and implementation. Hence, keeping in view the necessity of the synthesis of innovative technologies, sustainable practices, and policy initiatives is imperative for advancing lignocellulosic waste management.Item Synergistic effect of cultivation methods and seaweed-based biostimulations on iceberg lettuce in sustainable agriculture(University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, 2025-09-12) Pantović, J.; Moravčević, Đ.; Kostić, A.; Zornic, Vladimir; Kilibarda, S.; Vuković, S.; Pavlović, N.This research, conducted over two consecutive years in the production fields of the Iceberg Lettuce Centar in Belgrade, aimed to investigate the impact of biostimulants on the morphological and phytochemical characteristics of iceberg lettuce in two seasons (spring and autumn), using greenhouse and open field cultivation. The biostimulator was derived from a seaweed (Kelpak). The effects of different applications (seedling soaking and foliar treatment once, twice, and three times during the growing season) on plant growth (total plant mass, leaf mass, and stem mass) and phytochemical properties, including pigments (chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, carotenoids), as well as antioxidant activity (TAC, polyphenols), were investigated. The results showed that the application of biostimulators, particularly through the seedling soaking method, contributed to an increase in plant mass and greater biomass accumulation, whereas foliar treatments enabled better development in both seasons. Plants grown in the greenhouse had more stable growth and better quality, while the spring season proved to be more favourable than autumn. Biostimulators also had a positive effect on the content of photosynthetic pigments and antioxidants, which improved the nutritional value and stress resistance of plants.Item Mid-term fertilisers and lime effect on grassland in the hilly-mountain region in Balkan(Czech Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 2025-01-08) Zornic, Vladimir; Đurović, V.; Petrović, Mirjana; Babić, Snežana; Tomić, Dalibor; Racić, Nedeljko; Milenković, JasminaAlthough the effects of fertiliser addition and liming on semi-natural grassland productivity and biomass quality are well documented, less is known about how fertilisers change plant functional groups and mean ecological values. We researched the effects of liming (no lime and lime with 1 t/ha) and mineral fertilisers (control – no fertilisers, PK-P60K60, N20PK-N20P60K60, N80PK-N80P60K60, and N140PK-N140P60K60) for nine years on the Danthonia alpina Vest. grassland community. Based on Brown-Blanquet cover-abundance, we calculated Shannon- Wiener evenness and abundance of plant functional groups (based on height, canopy structure, storage organs presence and flowering duration). We also researched Landolt’s ecological indicator values for nutrients, moisture, reaction, light, and temperature. Results revealed that fertilisers stimulated tall species with longer flowering duration. Shannon-Wiener evenness in control was 0.45, and N20PK increased to 0.71 but significantly decreased in treatment N140PK (0.25). Mean Landolt ecological value for nutrients and moisture increased while temperature dropped. The coverage of legumes and Landolt indicator value for nutrients increased because of the lime application, while the lime had no effect on Shannon-Wiener evenness and abundance of functional groups. Greater Shannon-Wiener evenness in treatments of PK and N20PK is a prerequisite for resistance to the effects of extreme climate events.